讯息:19个解决常见JavaScript问题的实用ES6代码段
2022-09-23 09:50:52来源:大前端私房菜
(资料图片仅供参考)
在我们的开发人员工作流程中,我们经常遇到可能只需要几行代码即可解决的具有挑战性的问题。在本文中,我尝试编写一些有用的代码片段,这些代码片段可以在处理 URL、DOM、事件、日期、用户偏好等时为你提供帮助。
整理学习这些的主要标准就是它的实用性,希望你能从中找到一些有价值的东西,可以应用到你未来的代码库中。
1.如何获取基础 URL?const getBaseURL = url => url.replace(/[?#].*$/, "");getBaseURL("http://url.com/page?name=Adam&surname=Smith");// "http://url.com/page"2.如何判断网址是否为绝对网址?
const isAbsoluteURL = str => /^[a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*:/.test(str);isAbsoluteURL("https://google.com"); // trueisAbsoluteURL("ftp://www.myserver.net"); // trueisAbsoluteURL("/foo/bar"); // false3.如何获取URL参数作为对象?
const getURLParameters = url => (url.match(/([^?=&]+)(=([^&]*))/g) || []).reduce( (a, v) => ( (a[v.slice(0, v.indexOf("="))] = v.slice(v.indexOf("=") + 1)), a ), {} );getURLParameters("google.com"); // {}getURLParameters("http://url.com/page?name=Adam&surname=Smith");// {name: "Adam", surname: "Smith"}4.如何检查元素是否包含另一个元素?
const elementContains = (parent, child) => parent !== child && parent.contains(child);elementContains( document.querySelector("head"), document.querySelector("title"));// trueelementContains(document.querySelector("body"), document.querySelector("body"));// false5.如何获取元素的所有祖先?
const getAncestors = el => { let ancestors = []; while (el) { ancestors.unshift(el); el = el.parentNode; } return ancestors;};getAncestors(document.querySelector("nav"));// [document, html, body, header, nav]6.如何平滑滚动元素进入视图?
const smoothScroll = element => document.querySelector(element).scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth" });smoothScroll("#fooBar"); // scrolls smoothly to the element with the id fooBarsmoothScroll(".fooBar");// scrolls smoothly to the first element with a class of fooBar7.如何处理元素外的点击?
const onClickOutside = (element, callback) => { document.addEventListener("click", e => { if (!element.contains(e.target)) callback(); });};onClickOutside("#my-element", () => console.log("Hello"));// Will log "Hello" whenever the user clicks outside of #my-element8.如何生成UUID?
const UUIDGeneratorBrowser = () => ([1e7] + -1e3 + -4e3 + -8e3 + -1e11).replace(/[018]/g, c => ( c ^ (crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(1))[0] & (15 >> (c / 4))) ).toString(16) );UUIDGeneratorBrowser(); // "7982fcfe-5721-4632-bede-6000885be57d"9.如何获取选中的文本?
const getSelectedText = () => window.getSelection().toString();getSelectedText(); // "Lorem ipsum"10.如何将文本复制到剪贴板?
const copyToClipboard = str => { if (navigator && navigator.clipboard && navigator.clipboard.writeText) return navigator.clipboard.writeText(str); return Promise.reject("The Clipboard API is not available.");};11.如何给 HTML 元素添加样式?
const addStyles = (el, styles) => Object.assign(el.style, styles);addStyles(document.getElementById("my-element"), { background: "red", color: "#ffff00", fontSize: "3rem"});12.如何切换全屏模式?
const fullscreen = (mode = true, el = "body") => mode ? document.querySelector(el).requestFullscreen() : document.exitFullscreen();fullscreen(); // Opens `body` in fullscreen modefullscreen(false); // Exits fullscreen mode13.如何检测Caps Lock是否开启?const el = document.getElementById("password");const msg = document.getElementById("password-message");el.addEventListener("keyup", e => { msg.style = e.getModifierState("CapsLock") ? "display: block" : "display: none";});14.如何查看日期是否有效?
const isDateValid = (...val) => !Number.isNaN(new Date(...val).valueOf());isDateValid("December 17, 1995 03:24:00"); // trueisDateValid("1995-12-17T03:24:00"); // trueisDateValid("1995-12-17 T03:24:00"); // falseisDateValid("Duck"); // falseisDateValid(1995, 11, 17); // trueisDateValid(1995, 11, 17, "Duck"); // falseisDateValid({}); // false15.如何从Date中获取冒号时间?
const getColonTimeFromDate = date => date.toTimeString().slice(0, 8);getColonTimeFromDate(new Date()); // "08:38:00"16.如何从 Date 生成 UNIX 时间戳?
const getTimestamp = (date = new Date()) => Math.floor(date.getTime() / 1000);getTimestamp(); // 160216224217、如何查看当前用户的首选语言?
const detectLanguage = (defaultLang = "en-US") => navigator.language || (Array.isArray(navigator.languages) && navigator.languages[0]) || defaultLang;detectLanguage(); // "nl-NL"18、如何查看用户偏好的配色方案?
const prefersDarkColorScheme = () => window && window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches;prefersDarkColorScheme(); // true19.如何查看设备是否支持触摸事件?
const supportsTouchEvents = () => window && "ontouchstart" in window;supportsTouchEvents(); // true